Upon loss of power to the hold-open device, the hold-open mechanism is released and the door leaf becomes self-closing.
The release by means of smoke detection of one door leaf in a stair enclosure results in closing all door leaves serving that stair. The elevator car doors and the associated hoistway enclosure doors at the floor level designated for recall in accordance with the requirements of Doors required to be self-closing and not required to be automatic closing shall be permitted to be equipped with delayed action closers. Where means of egress door leaves are operated by power upon the approach of a person or are provided with power-assisted manual operation, the design shall be such that, in the event of power failure, the leaves open manually to allow egress travel or close when necessary to safeguard the means of egress.
The forces required to manually open the door leaves specified in The door assembly shall be designed and installed so that, when a force is applied to the door leaf on the side from which egress is made, it shall be capable of swinging from any position to provide full use of the required width of the opening in which it is installed. See Sliding, power-operated door assemblies in an exit access serving an occupant load of fewer than 50 that manually open in the direction of door leaf travel, with forces not exceeding those required in The required sign shall be in letters not less than 1 in.
In the emergency breakout mode, a door leaf located within a two-leaf opening shall be exempt from the minimum 32 in. For a biparting sliding door assembly in the emergency breakout mode, a door leaf located within a multiple-leaf opening shall be exempt from the minimum 32 in. Door assemblies complying with Where door leaves are required to be self-closing or self-latching and are operated by power upon the approach of a person, or are provided with power-assisted manual operation, they shall be permitted in the means of egress where they meet the following criteria: The door leaves can be opened manually in accordance with New door leaves remain in the closed position, unless actuated or opened manually.
When actuated, new door leaves remain open for not more than 30 seconds. Door leaves held open for any period of time close — and the power-assist mechanism ceases to function — upon operation of approved smoke detectors installed in such a way as to detect smoke on either side of the door opening in accordance with the provisions of NFPA Door leaves required to be self-latching are either self-latching or become self-latching upon operation of approved smoke detectors per Revolving door wings shall be capable of book-fold or breakout for egress in accordance with BHMA A When revolving door wings are collapsed into the book-fold position, the parallel egress paths formed shall provide an aggregate width of 36 in.
Revolving door assemblies shall not be used within 10 ft mm of the foot or the top of stairs or escalators. A dispersal area acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction shall be located between stairs or escalators and the revolving door assembly. The revolutions per minute rpm of door wings shall not exceed the following: The values in Table Each revolving door assembly shall have a conforming side-hinged swinging door assembly in the same wall as the revolving door within 10 ft mm of the revolving door, unless one of the following conditions applies: Revolving door assemblies shall be permitted without adjacent swinging door assemblies, as required by Where permitted in Chapters 11 through 43 of NFPA , revolving door assemblies shall be permitted as a component in a means of egress , provided that all of the following criteria are met: Revolving door openings shall not be given credit for more than 50 percent of the required egress capacity.
Each revolving door opening shall not be credited with more than a person capacity or, if of not less than a 9 ft mm diameter, a revolving door assembly shall be permitted egress capacity based on the clear opening width provided when collapsed into a book-fold position.
Revolving door wings shall be capable of being collapsed into a book-fold position when a force not exceeding lbf N is applied to the wings within 3 in. Revolving door assemblies not used as a component of a means of egress shall have a collapsing force not exceeding lbf N applied at a point 3 in. Turnstiles or similar devices that restrict travel to one direction or are used to collect fares or admission charges shall not be placed so as to obstruct any required means of egress , unless otherwise specified in Approved turnstiles not exceeding 39 in.
Where turnstiles are approved by the authority having jurisdiction and permitted in Chapters 11 through 43 , each turnstile shall be credited for a capacity of 50 persons, provided that such turnstiles meet all of the following criteria: They freewheel in the egress direction when primary power is lost, and freewheel in the direction of egress travel upon manual release by an employee assigned in the area.
They are not given credit for more than 50 percent of the required egress width. They are not in excess of 39 in. Security access turnstiles that impede travel in the direction of egress utilizing a physical barrier shall be permitted to be considered as a component of the means of egress , where permitted in Chapters 11 through 43 of NFPA , provided that all the following criteria are met: The building is protected throughout by an approved , supervised automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section Each security access turnstile lane configuration has a minimum clear passage width of 22 in.
Any security access turnstile lane configuration providing a clear passage width of less than 32 in. Any security access turnstile lane configuration providing a clear passage width of 32 in.
Each secured physical barrier shall automatically retract or swing to an unobstructed open position in the direction of egress, under each of the following conditions: Upon loss of power to the turnstile or any part of the access control system that secures the physical barrier Upon actuation of a readily accessible and clearly identified manual release device that results in direct interruption of power to each secured physical barrier, remains in the open position for not less than 30 seconds, and is positioned at one of the following locations: The manual release device is located on the egress side of each security access turnstile lane.
The manual release device is located at an approved location where it can be actuated by an employee assigned to the area. Upon actuation of the building fire-protective signaling system , if provided, and for which the following apply: The physical barrier remains in the open position until the fire-protective signaling system is manually reset.
The actuation of manual fire alarm boxes that actuate the building fire-protective signaling system is not required to meet the requirements specified in Upon actuation of the building automatic sprinkler or fire detection system , and for which the physical barrier remains in the open position until the fire-protective signaling system is manually reset [ : 7. Turnstiles exceeding 39 in.
Where permanently mounted folding or movable partitions divide a room into smaller spaces, a swinging door leaf or open doorway shall be provided as an exit access from each such space, unless otherwise specified in A door leaf or opening in the folding partition shall not be required, provided that all of the following criteria are met: The subdivided space is not used by more than 20 persons at any time.
The use of the space is under adult supervision. The partitions are arranged so that they do not extend across any aisle or corridor used as an exit access to the required exits from the story.
The partitions conform to the interior finish and other requirements of this Code. The partitions are of an approved type, have a simple method of release, and are capable of being opened quickly and easily by experienced persons in case of emergency. Where a subdivided space is provided with not less than two means of egress , the swinging door leaf in the folding partition specified in If panic hardware is installed on balanced door leaves, the panic hardware shall be of the push-pad type, and the pad shall not extend more than approximately one-half the width of the door leaf, measured from the latch stile.
Special-purpose horizontally sliding accordion or folding door assemblies shall be permitted in means of egress , provided that all of the following criteria are met: The door leaf is readily operable from either side without special knowledge or effort. The force that, when applied to the operating device in the direction of egress, is required to operate the door leaf is not more than 15 lbf 67 N. The force required to operate the door leaf in the direction of travel is not more than 30 lbf N to set the leaf in motion and is not more than 15 lbf 67 N to close the leaf or open it to the minimum required width.
The door leaf is operable using a force of not more than 50 lbf N when a force of lbf N is applied perpendicularly to the leaf adjacent to the operating device, unless the door opening is an existing special-purpose horizontally sliding accordion or folding exit access door assembly serving an area with an occupant load of fewer than The door assembly complies with the fire protection rating, if required, and, where rated, is self-closing or automatic-closing by means of smoke detection in accordance with Where required by Chapters 11 through 43 of NFPA , the following door assemblies shall be inspected and tested not less than annually in accordance with The inspection and testing interval for fire-rated and nonrated door assemblies shall be permitted to exceed 12 months under a written performance-based program.
Goals established under a performance-based program shall provide assurance that the door assembly will perform its intended function. Technical justification for inspection, testing, and maintenance intervals shall be documented.
The performance-based option shall include historical data. A written record of the inspections and testing shall be signed and kept for inspection by the authority having jurisdiction. Functional testing of door assemblies shall be performed by individuals who can demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the operating components of the type of door being subjected to testing.
Door assemblies shall be visually inspected from both sides of the opening to assess the overall condition of the assembly. As a minimum, the following items shall be verified: Floor space on both sides of the openings is clear of obstructions, and door leaves open fully and close freely.
Forces required to set door leaves in motion and move to the fully open position do not exceed the requirements in Latching and locking devices comply with Releasing hardware devices are installed in accordance with Door leaves of paired openings are installed in accordance with Door closers are adjusted properly to control the closing speed of door leaves in accordance with accessibility requirements.
Projection of door leaves into the path of egress does not exceed the encroachment permitted by Powered door openings operate in accordance with Signage required by Door openings with special locking arrangements function in accordance with Security devices that impede egress are not installed on openings, as required by Where required by 7.
Emergency lighting on sensor-release of electrical locking systems and doors equipped with delayed-egress electrical locking systems is present in accordance with Section Door openings not in proper operating condition shall be repaired or replaced without delay.
All inside stairs serving as an exit or exit component shall be enclosed in accordance with Section Inside stairs, other than those serving as an exit or exit component, shall be protected in accordance with Section 8. In existing buildings , where a two- story exit enclosure connects the story of exit discharge with an adjacent story , the exit shall be permitted to be enclosed only on the story of exit discharge , provided that not less than 50 percent of the number and capacity of exits on the story of exit discharge are independent of such enclosures.
Where nonrated walls or unprotected openings enclose the exterior of a stairway, other than an existing stairway, and the walls or openings are exposed by other parts of the building at an angle of less than degrees, the building enclosure walls within 10 ft mm horizontally of the nonrated wall or unprotected opening shall be constructed as required for stairway enclosures, including opening protectives.
Construction shall extend vertically from the finished ground level to a point 10 ft mm above the topmost landing of the stairs or to the roofline, whichever is lower. Enclosed, usable spaces, within exit enclosures shall be prohibited, including under stairs, unless otherwise permitted by Open space within the exit enclosure shall not be used for any purpose that has the potential to interfere with egress.
Enclosed, usable space shall be permitted under stairs, provided that both of the following criteria are met: The space shall be separated from the stair enclosure by the same fire resistance as the exit enclosure.
Entrance to the enclosed, usable space shall not be from within the stair enclosure. Exit passageways used as exit components shall conform to the general requirements of Section 7. An exit passageway shall be separated from other parts of the building as specified in Section Existing fixed wired glass panels in steel sash shall be permitted to be continued in use in the separation in buildings protected throughout by an approved , supervised automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section An exit passageway that serves as a discharge from a stair enclosure shall have not less than the same fire resistance rating and opening protective fire protection rating as those required for the stair enclosure.
As provided in Chapters 36 and 37 of NFPA , an exit passageway in a mall structure shall be permitted to accommodate occupant loads independently from the mall concourse and the tenant spaces. In new construction, the minimum width of any exit passageway into which an exit stair discharges, or that serves as a horizontal transfer within an exit stair system , shall meet the following criteria: The minimum width of the exit passageway shall be not less than two-thirds of the width of the exit stair.
Where stairs are credited with egress capacity in accordance with The total capacity of the means of egress for any story , balcony, tier, or other occupied space shall be sufficient for the occupant load thereof unless one of the following conditions exists: The authority having jurisdiction shall be permitted to establish the occupant load as the number of persons for which existing means of egress is adequate, provided that measures are established to prevent occupancy by a greater number of persons.
The egress capacity shall have been previously approved as being adequate. For other than existing means of egress , where more than one means of egress is required, the means of egress shall be of such width and capacity that the loss of any one means of egress leaves available not less than 50 percent of the required capacity.
The occupant load in any building or portion thereof shall be not less than the number of persons determined by dividing the floor area assigned to that use by the occupant load factor for that use as specified in Table Where both gross and net area figures are given for the same occupancy , calculations shall be made by applying the gross area figure to the gross area of the portion of the building devoted to the use for which the gross area figure is specified and by applying the net area figure to the net area of the portion of the building devoted to the use for which the net area figure is specified.
See business use. Floors or portions of floors used only for storage , receiving, and shipping, and not open to general public The occupant load in any building or portion thereof shall be permitted to be increased from the occupant load established for the given use in accordance with The AHJ shall be permitted to require an approved aisle, seating, or fixed equipment diagram to substantiate any increase in occupant load and shall be permitted to require that such a diagram be posted in an approved location.
Where an exit serves more than one story , only the occupant load of each story considered individually shall be used in computing the required capacity of the exit at that story , provided that the required egress capacity of the exit is not decreased in the direction of egress travel.
Where means of egress from a story above and a story below converge at an intermediate story , the capacity of the means of egress from the point of convergence shall be not less than the sum of the required capacity of the two means of egress. Where any required egress capacity from a balcony or mezzanine passes through the room below, that required capacity shall be added to the required egress capacity of the room in which it is located.
The width of means of egress shall be measured in the clear at the narrowest point of the egress component under consideration, unless otherwise provided in In the case of stair and landing handrails forming part of a guard, in accordance with 7. In health care and ambulatory health care occupancies , projections shall be permitted in corridors in accordance with Chapters 18 through 21 of NFPA Egress capacity for approved components of means of egress shall be based on the capacity factors shown in Table For stairways wider than 44 in.
The required capacity of a corridor shall be the occupant load that utilizes the corridor for exit access divided by the required number of exits to which the corridor connects, but the corridor capacity shall be not less than the required capacity of the exit to which the corridor leads. The width of any means of egress , unless otherwise provided in The width of exit access serving not more than six people, and having a length not exceeding 50 ft 15 m shall meet both of the following criteria: The width shall be not less than 18 in.
A width of not less than 36 in. In existing buildings , the width of exit access shall be permitted to be not less than 28 in. Where a single exit access leads to an exit , its capacity in terms of width shall be not less than the required capacity of the exit to which it leads.
Where more than one exit access leads to an exit , each shall have a width adequate for the number of persons it accommodates. The number of means of egress from any balcony, mezzanine , story , or portion thereof shall be not less than two, except under one of the following conditions: A single means of egress shall be permitted where permitted in Chapters 11 through 43 of NFPA A single means of egress shall be permitted for a mezzanine or balcony where the common path of travel limitations of Chapters 11 through 43 of NFPA are met.
The number of means of egress from any story or portion thereof, other than for existing buildings as permitted in Chapters 11 through 43 of NFPA , shall be as follows: Occupant load more than but not more than — not less than 3 Occupant load more than — not less than 4 [ : 7. Accessible means of egress in accordance with The occupant load of each story considered individually shall be required to be used in computing the number of means of egress at each story , provided that the required number of means of egress is not decreased in the direction of egress travel.
Doors other than the hoistway door; the elevator car door; and doors that are readily openable from the car side without a key, a tool, special knowledge, or special effort, shall be prohibited at the point of access to an elevator car. Each elevator landing and lobby shall have access to at least one exit.
The elevator landing and lobby exit access required by Doors separating the elevator lobby from the exit access required by The minimum number of means of egress for working space about electrical equipment, other than existing electrical equipment, shall be in accordance with NFPA 70 , Section The method of door unlatching and direction of door swing for working space about electrical equipment, other than existing electrical equipment, shall be in accordance with Section Exits shall be located and exit access shall be arranged so that exits are readily accessible at all times.
Where exits are not immediately accessible from an open floor area , continuous passageways, aisles, or corridors leading directly to every exit shall be maintained and shall be arranged to provide access for each occupant to not less than two exits by separate ways of travel, unless otherwise provided in Exit access corridors shall provide access to not less than two approved exits , unless otherwise provided in Where common paths of travel are permitted for an occupancy in Chapters 11 through 43 of NFPA , such common paths of travel shall be permitted but shall not exceed the limit specified.
Corridors shall provide exit access without passing through any intervening rooms other than corridors, lobbies, and other spaces permitted to be open to the corridor, unless otherwise provided in Approved existing corridors that require passage through a room to access an exit shall be permitted to continue to be used, provided that all of the following criteria are met: The path of travel is marked in accordance with Section Doors to such rooms comply with 7.
Such arrangement is not prohibited by the applicable occupancy chapter in NFPA Corridors that are not required to be fire resistance rated shall be permitted to discharge into open floor plan areas. Remoteness shall be provided in accordance with Where more than one exit , exit access , or exit discharge is required from a building or portion thereof, such exits , exit accesses , or exit discharges shall be remotely located from each other and be arranged to minimize the possibility that more than one has the potential to be blocked by any one fire or other emergency condition.
Where two exits , exit accesses , or exit discharges are required, they shall be located at a distance from one another not less than one-half the length of the maximum overall diagonal dimension of the building or area to be served, measured in a straight line between the nearest edge of the exits , exit accesses , or exit discharges , unless otherwise provided in In buildings protected throughout by an approved , supervised automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section In other than high-rise buildings , where exit enclosures are provided as the required exits specified in In existing buildings , where more than one exit , exit access , or exit discharge is required, such exits , exit accesses , or exit discharges shall be exempt from the diagonal measurement separation distance criteria of In other than existing buildings , where more than two exits , exit accesses , or exit discharges are required, at least two of the required exits , exit accesses , or exit discharges shall be arranged to comply with the minimum separation distance requirement.
The balance of the exits , exit accesses , or exit discharges specified in Interlocking or scissor stairs shall comply with New interlocking or scissor stairs shall be permitted to be considered only as a single exit. Existing interlocking or scissor stairs shall be permitted to be considered separate exits , provided that they meet all of the following criteria: They are enclosed in accordance with Section They are separated from each other by 2-hour fire resistance-rated noncombustible construction.
No protected or unprotected penetrations or communicating openings exist between the stair enclosures. Exit access shall be arranged so that there are no dead ends in corridors, unless permitted by, and limited to the lengths specified in, Chapters 11 through 43 of NFPA Exit access from rooms or spaces shall be permitted to be through adjoining or intervening rooms or areas, provided that such rooms or areas are accessory to the area served. Foyers, lobbies, and reception rooms constructed as required for corridors shall not be construed as intervening rooms.
Exit access shall be arranged so that it is not necessary to pass through any area identified under Protection from Hazards in Chapters 11 through 43 of NFPA See also 7. Access to an exit shall not be through kitchens, storerooms other than as provided in Chapters 36 and 37 of NFPA , restrooms, closets, bedrooms or similar spaces, or other rooms or spaces subject to locking, unless passage through such rooms or spaces is permitted for the occupancy by Chapters 18 , 19 , 22 , or 23 of NFPA Exit access and exit doors shall be designed and arranged to be clearly recognizable.
Hangings or draperies shall not be placed over exit doors or located so that they conceal or obscure any exit , unless otherwise provided in Curtains shall be permitted across means of egress openings in tent walls, provided that all of the following criteria are met: They are distinctly marked in contrast to the tent wall so as to be recognizable as means of egress.
They are installed across an opening that is at least 6 ft mm in width. They are hung from slide rings or equivalent hardware so as to be readily moved to the side to create an unobstructed opening in the tent wall that is of the minimum width required for door openings. Exit access shall be permitted to be by means of any exterior balcony, porch, gallery, or roof that conforms to the requirements of this chapter and Chapter 7 of NFPA The long side of the balcony, porch, gallery, or similar space shall be at least 50 percent open and shall be arranged to restrict the accumulation of smoke.
Exterior exit access balconies shall be separated from the interior of the building by walls and opening protectives as required for corridors, unless the exterior exit access balcony is served by at least two remote stairs that can be accessed without any occupant traveling past an unprotected opening to reach one of the stairs, or unless dead ends on the exterior exit access do not exceed 20 ft mm.
Exterior exit access shall be arranged so that there are no dead ends in excess of those permitted for dead-end corridors in Chapters 11 through 43 of NFPA Areas accessible to people with severe mobility impairment, other than in existing buildings , shall have not less than two accessible means of egress , unless otherwise provided in Access within the allowable travel distance shall be provided to not less than one accessible area of refuge or one accessible exit providing an accessible route to an exit discharge.
A single accessible means of egress shall be permitted from buildings or areas of buildings permitted to have a single exit. Accessible means of egress shall not be required in health care occupancies protected throughout by an approved , supervised automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section Exit access travel along the accessible means of egress shall be permitted to be common for the distances permitted as common paths of travel. Where two accessible means of egress are required, the exits serving such means of egress shall be located at a distance from one another not less than one-half the length of the maximum overall diagonal dimension of the building or area to be served.
This distance shall be measured in a straight line between the nearest edge of the exit doors or exit access doors, unless otherwise provided in Where exit enclosures are provided as the required exits specified in Each required accessible means of egress shall be continuous from each accessible occupied area to a public way or area of refuge in accordance with 7.
Where an exit stair is used in an accessible means of egress , it shall comply with 7. To be considered part of an accessible means of egress , an elevator shall be in accordance with 7. To be considered part of an accessible means of egress , a smoke barrier in accordance with Section Accessible stories that are four or more stories above or below a story of exit discharge shall have not less than one elevator complying with Where elevators are required by An area of refuge used as part of a required accessible means of egress shall be in accordance with 7.
Exits shall terminate directly, at a public way or at an exterior exit discharge , unless otherwise provided in Yards, courts, open spaces, or other portions of the exit discharge shall be of the required width and size to provide all occupants with a safe access to a public way. Means of egress shall be permitted to terminate in an exterior area of refuge for detention and correctional occupancies as otherwise provided in Chapters 22 and 23 of NFPA Exits shall be permitted to discharge through interior building areas, provided that all of the following are met: Not more than 50 percent of the required number of exit stairs serving normally occupied areas of each floor, and not more than 50 percent of the exit stair capacity required for normally occupied areas of each floor, shall discharge through areas on any level of discharge, except as otherwise permitted by one of the following: One hundred percent of the exits shall be permitted to discharge through areas on any level of discharge in detention and correctional occupancies as otherwise provided in Chapters 22 and 23 of NFPA In existing buildings , the 50 percent limit on egress capacity shall not apply if the 50 percent limit on the required number of exits is met.
Each level of discharge shall discharge directly outside at the finished ground level or discharge directly outside and provide access to the finished ground level by outside stairs or outside ramps. The interior exit discharge shall lead to a free and unobstructed way to the exterior of the building, and such way shall be readily apparent or shall be identifiable by exit signage from the point of discharge from the exit.
The interior exit discharge shall be protected by one of the following methods: The level of discharge shall be protected throughout by an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section The interior exit discharge area shall be in a vestibule or foyer that meets all of the following criteria: The depth from the exterior of the building shall be not more than 10 ft mm , and the length shall be not more than 30 ft 9.
The foyer shall be separated from the remainder of the level of discharge by fire barriers with a minimum 1 -hour fire resistance rating, and existing installations of wired glass in steel frames shall be permitted to be continued in use. The foyer shall serve only as means of egress and shall include an exit directly to the outside. The entire area on the level of discharge shall be separated from areas below by construction having a fire resistance rating not less than that required for the exit enclosure, unless otherwise provided in Levels below the level of discharge in an atrium shall be permitted to be open to the level of discharge where such level of discharge is protected in accordance with 8.
Where more than one exit discharge is required, exit discharges shall be arranged to meet the remoteness criteria of The exit discharge shall be arranged and marked to make clear the direction of egress travel from the exit discharge to a public way. Stairs and ramps that continue more than one-half story below the level of discharge shall be provided with an approved means to prevent or dissuade occupants from traveling past the level of discharge during emergency building evacuation.
Doors, stairs, ramps , corridors, exit passageways, bridges, balconies, escalators, moving walks, and other components of an exit discharge shall comply with the detailed requirements of this chapter for such components. A continuous and safe means of egress from the roof is available. Illumination of means of egress shall be provided in accordance with Section For the purposes of this requirement, exit access shall include only designated stairs, aisles, corridors, ramps , escalators, and passageways leading to an exit.
For the purposes of this requirement, exit discharge shall include only designated stairs, aisles, corridors, ramps , escalators, walkways, and exit passageways leading to a public way. Illumination of means of egress shall be continuous during the time that the conditions of occupancy require that the means of egress be available for use, unless otherwise provided in Artificial lighting shall be employed at such locations and for such periods of time as are necessary to maintain the illumination to the minimum criteria values herein specified.
Unless prohibited by Chapters 11 through 43 of NFPA , automatic lighting control devices shall be permitted to temporarily turn off the illumination within the means of egress , provided that each lighting control device complies with all of the following: In new installations, the lighting control device is listed.
The lighting control device is equipped to automatically energize the controlled lights upon loss of normal power and is evaluated for this purpose. Illumination timers are provided and are set for a minimum minute duration.
The lighting control device is activated by any occupant movement in the area served by the lighting units. In new installations, the lighting control device is activated by activation of the building fire alarm system , if provided. The lighting control device does not turn off any lights relied upon for activation of photoluminescent exit signs or path markers.
The lighting control device does not turn off any battery-equipped emergency luminaires, unit equipment, or exit signs. Energy-saving sensors, switches, timers, or controllers shall be approved and shall not compromise the continuity of illumination of the means of egress required by The floors and other walking surfaces within an exit and within the portions of the exit access and exit discharge designated in The minimum illumination for floors and other walking surfaces, other than new stairs during conditions of stair use, shall be to values of at least 1 ft-candle In assembly occupancies , the illumination of the walking surfaces of exit access shall be at least 0.
Required illumination shall be arranged so that the failure of any single lighting unit does not result in an illumination level of less than 0. The equipment or units installed to meet the requirements of Section Illumination of means of egress shall be from a source considered reliable by the AHJ.
Battery-operated electric lights and other types of portable lamps or lanterns shall not be used for primary illumination of means of egress. Battery-operated electric lights shall be permitted to be used as an emergency source to the extent permitted under Section Emergency lighting facilities for means of egress shall be provided in accordance with Section The standby generator shall be permitted to be used for the stair shaft and vestibule emergency lighting power supply.
New sensor-release of electrical locking systems in accordance with For the purposes of Where maintenance of illumination depends on changing from one energy source to another, a delay of not more than 10 seconds shall be permitted. Required emergency lighting systems shall be tested in accordance with one of the three options offered by Testing of required emergency lighting systems shall be permitted to be conducted as follows: Functional testing shall be conducted monthly with a minimum of 3 weeks and a maximum of 5 weeks between tests, for not less than 30 seconds, except as otherwise permitted by The test interval shall be permitted to be extended beyond 30 days with the approval of the AHJ.
The emergency lighting equipment shall be fully operational for the duration of the tests required by Written records of visual inspections and tests shall be kept by the owner for inspection by the AHJ.
A visual inspection shall be performed at intervals not exceeding 30 days. Not less than once every 30 days, emergency lighting equipment shall automatically perform a test with a duration of a minimum of 30 seconds and a diagnostic routine. The computer-based system shall be capable of providing a report of the history of tests and failures at all times.
Means of egress shall be marked in accordance with Section Exits , other than main exterior exit doors that obviously and clearly are identifiable as exits , shall be marked by an approved sign that is readily visible from any direction of exit access.
Horizontal components of the egress path within an exit enclosure shall be marked by approved exit or directional exit signs where the continuation of the egress path is not obvious. Tactile signage shall be provided to meet all of the following criteria, unless otherwise provided in Access to exits shall be marked by approved , readily visible signs in all cases where the exit or way to reach the exit is not readily apparent to the occupants.
New sign placement shall be such that no point in an exit access corridor is in excess of the rated viewing distance or ft 30 m , whichever is less, from the nearest sign. Where floor proximity exit signs are required in Chapters 11 through 43 of NFPA , such signs shall comply with Such signs shall be located near the floor level in addition to those signs required for doors or corridors.
The bottom of the sign shall be not less than 6 in. For exit doors, the sign shall be mounted on the door or adjacent to the door, with the nearest edge of the sign within 4 in. Where floor proximity egress path marking is required in Chapters 11 through 43 of NFPA , an approved floor proximity egress path marking system that is internally illuminated shall be installed within 18 in. The system shall provide a visible delineation of the path of travel along the designated exit access and shall be essentially continuous, except as interrupted by doorways, hallways, corridors, or other such architectural features.
The system shall operate continuously or at any time the building fire alarm system is activated. The activation, duration, and continuity of operation of the system shall be in accordance with 7.
The system shall be maintained in accordance with the product manufacturing listing. Every sign required in Section No decorations, furnishings, or equipment that impairs visibility of a sign shall be permitted. No brightly illuminated sign for other than exit purposes , display, or object in or near the line of vision of the required exit sign that could detract attention from the exit sign shall be permitted.
The bottom of new egress markings shall be located at a vertical distance of not more than 6 ft 8 in. Egress markings shall be located at a horizontal distance of not more than the required width of the egress opening, as measured from the edge of the egress opening intended for designation by that marking to the nearest edge of the marking. A sign complying with Directional exit signs shall be provided within horizontal components of the egress path within exit enclosures as required by Signs required by Where emergency lighting facilities are required by the applicable provisions of Chapters 11 through 43 of NFPA for individual occupancies , the signs, other than approved self-luminous signs and listed photoluminescent signs in accordance with The level of illumination of the signs shall be in accordance with This feature is supported on the SAS-Series platforms.
This feature is useful when connecting the SAS to an Ethernet-over-SDH EoSDH or microwave network, where the network allocates predetermined bandwidth to the nodes connecting into it, based on the transport bandwidth requirement. When connecting to such a network it is important that the traffic sent into the SDH node does not exceed the configured values, since the SDH network does not have QoS capabilities and buffers required to prioritize the ingress traffic.
To modify egress-rate parameters you can simply apply a egress-rate command with new egress-rate and max-burst value. To remove egress-rate command from a port, use the no option with the egress-rate command. The rate for the egress-rate option and max-burst should not be used in this case. Port Level Egress Rate-Limiting This section provides information to configure port level egress-rate using the command line interface.
Overview Egress port rate limiting allows the device to limit the traffic that egresses through a port to a value less than the available link bandwidth. Applications This feature is useful when connecting the SAS to an Ethernet-over-SDH EoSDH or microwave network, where the network allocates predetermined bandwidth to the nodes connecting into it, based on the transport bandwidth requirement.
Egress rate attributes include: Allows for per port configuration of the maximum egress port rate, using the egress-rate CLI command. Ethernet ports configured as access, access uplink and network support this feature. Provides support for a burst parameter to control the amount of burst the egress port can generate. When ports are members of a LAG, all the ports use the same value for the egress-rate and the max-burst parameters. If frame overhead accounting is enabled, then queue scheduler accounts for the Ethernet frame overhead.
Effect of Port Level Rate-Limiting on Network Queue Functionality When an egress-rate sub-rate value is given, the network queue on network ports or access uplink ports rates that are specified using percentages will use the egress-rate value instead of the port bandwidth if egress rate is lesser than port bandwidth to configure the appropriate queue rates.
Configuration of egress port rate to different values will result in a corresponding dynamic adjustment of rates for the queues configured on network ports, or access uplink ports.
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